Zaɓin geotextile ɗin da ba daidai ba don sharar gida kamar hayar mai gadi mai rauni don kare ajiyar banki. Sirara mai laushi, yarn da ba ta da ƙarfi za ta tsage, yana barin dutse mai kaifi ɗaya ya huda geomembrane mai tsada, yana lalata tsarin ɗaukar hoto gaba ɗaya.
Don aikace-aikacen share ƙasa, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai sune na geotextiles waɗanda ba saƙa ba, waɗanda aka buga da allura, yawanci daga polypropylene. Makullin shine daidaita nauyi da ƙarfi zuwa takamaiman aiki: ma'auni masu nauyi (600-2,000 g / m²) don kariya ta layi da ƙananan maki (200-400 g / m²) don tacewa da rabuwa.
Kamar yadda a geosynthetics maroki, Na ga ayyukan suna fama da koma baya daga tantance kuskuren geotextile. Ba wai kawai game da ɗaukar samfur ba; game da fahimtar ayyuka daban-daban da geotextile ke yi a cikin rumbun ƙasa. Yana aiki azaman mai gadi, tacewa, da mai raba, gaba ɗaya. Samun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun daidaitattun kowane ɗayan waɗannan ayyuka shine bambanci tsakanin tsarin da ke ɗaukar shekaru 50 da wanda ya gaza cikin biyar. Bari mu yi tafiya ta hanyar daidai yadda za a zabi daidai dalla-dalla don aikinku.
Wadanne buƙatun aiki ne ke jagorantar zaɓi na ƙayyadaddun bayanai na geotextile don rabuwa da tacewa?
Mutane da yawa suna tunanin geotextile wani nau'in masana'anta ne kawai. Wannan kuskuren ya kai su ga rashin la'akari da rawar da yake takawa kuma su zaɓi samfurin mai arha, wanda bai isa ba wanda ke jefa dukan aikin cikin haɗari.
Zaɓin yana jagorantar ayyuka na farko guda huɗu: kariya daga geomembrane, tacewa na leachate, rabuwa da ƙasa daban-daban ko yadudduka sharar gida, da magudanar ruwa a cikin jirgin sama don sauke matsa lamba na ruwa.
Fahimtar waɗannan ayyuka huɗu shine mataki na farko don zaɓar madaidaicin ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Kowane aiki yana sanya buƙatu daban-daban akan masana'anta. A cikin gwaninta na, bayyana waɗannan ayyuka yana taimaka wa abokan ciniki su ga dalilin da ya sa tsarin girman-daidai-duk ba ya aiki.
| Aiki | Abin Da Yake Yi | Me Yasa Yana da Muhimmanci a cikin Fashe |
|---|---|---|
| [Kariya] | Yana aiki azaman matashi mai kauri don kare geomembrane mai kauri daga huda shi da duwatsu masu kaifi, tsakuwa, ko sharar gida. | Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin aiki. Huda guda ɗaya a cikin geomembrane na iya haifar da zubewar bala'i. Geotextile shine mai gadin geomembrane. |
| [Tace] | Yana ba da damar ruwa (leachate) ya wuce ta cikin yardar kaina yayin da yake riƙe ƙasa mai kyau ko ɓarna. | Yana hana tsarin tattara leach (bututun magudanar ruwa da tsakuwa) daga toshewa da siliki, wanda hakan zai sa ledar ta taso kuma ta haifar da matsi mai yawa. |
| Rabuwa | Yana kiyaye kayan yadudduka daban-daban daga haɗuwa. Alal misali, yana hana jimlar magudanar ruwa daga haɗuwa da ƙasa mai laushi na ƙasa. | Wannan yana kiyaye mutunci da aikin kowane Layer. Idan ba tare da rabuwa ba, magudanar ruwa zai rasa ƙarfinsa kuma ƙananan zai iya raunana. |
| Magudanar ruwa | Yana watsa ruwa a cikin jirgin saman masana'anta kanta. Wannan aikin na biyu ne don kauri maras saka. | Yana taimakawa wajen sauƙaƙa gina matsi na ruwa, musamman akan gangara ko bayan bangon riƙewa, yana ba da gudummawa ga kwanciyar hankali gabaɗaya. |
Ta yaya mahimman kaddarorin-kamar ƙarfin ɗaure, izinin izini, da juriyar huda- ke shafar dacewar geotextile?
Takaddun bayanai na geotextile na iya zama mai ruɗani, cike da sharuɗɗan fasaha da lambobi. Mayar da hankali kan kadarorin da ba daidai ba, kamar ƙarfin ƙarfi kawai, na iya jagorantar ku don zaɓar samfurin da yake da ƙarfi akan takarda amma ya gaza a aikace.
Mafi mahimmancin kaddarorin na geotextiles na ƙasa ba ƙarfi ba ne, amma juriya mai huda (CBR), kauri, da taro kowace yanki (g/m²). Waɗannan suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da ikon masana'anta don ba da kariya ta dogon lokaci.
Lokacin da na sake nazarin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun aikin aikin shara, na fara duba waɗannan kaddarorin. Ƙarfin jujjuyawar yana da mahimmanci don ƙarfafawa, amma a cikin wurin zubar da ƙasa, babban aikin geotextile shine ya zama matashi mai ƙarfi, mai ɗorewa.
| Dukiya | Me Yasa Yayi Muhimmanci Ga Filayen Kasa | Musamman Musamman |
|---|---|---|
| Jama'a kowane yanki na Raka'a (g/m²) | Wannan shine nauyin masana'anta kuma alama ce ta farko na gabaɗayan ƙarfinsa, kauri, da damar kariya. Nauyi gabaɗaya yana nufin tauri. | Kariya: 600-2,000 g/m² Tace/Rabuwa: 200-400 g/m² |
| Resistance Hudu na CBR (kN) | Wannan yana auna ƙarfin da ake buƙata don tura mai shiga cikin masana'anta. Kai tsaye yana kwatanta dutse mai kaifi yana danna kan geotextile. Wannan ita ce mafi mahimmancin ƙayyadaddun bayanai don kariya. | Daidaitaccen Kariya: 3-5 kN Kariyar Babban Damuwa: 5-8 kn |
| Kauri (mm) | Yadudduka mai kauri yana samar da mafi kyawun kwantar da hankali, yana rarraba ma'auni daga abubuwa masu kaifi a kan wuri mai faɗi. Kauri yana da mahimmanci fiye da ƙarfin ɗaure don kariyar huda. | Abubuwan Kariya: 4-8 mm (ana auna a 2 kPa) |
| Izinin (sec⁻¹) | Yana auna yadda sauri ruwa zai iya wucewa ta cikin masana'anta. Dole ne ya zama babba don ƙyale leach ɗin ya zubar da yardar rai ba tare da haɓaka matsi ba. | Dole ne ya zama mafi girma fiye da iyawar ƙasa. Yawanci 0.05 - 0.1 l/m²·s don tacewa. |
| Tsawaitawa (%) | Ƙarfin masana'anta don shimfiɗawa kafin karyawa. A high elongation (akalla 50%) yana ba da damar geotextile don dacewa da daidaitawar ƙasa ba tare da tsagewa ba. | Ƙarƙashin ƙaƙƙarfan masana'anta mai ƙarancin ƙarfi zai tsage ƙarƙashin damuwa maimakon shimfiɗawa, yana ba da kariya mara kyau. |
| Nau'in Fiber | Kayan albarkatun kasa na geotextile. Polypropylene (PP) an fifita shi akan Polyester (PET) don yawancin aikace-aikacen share ƙasa saboda mafi girman juriyarsa ga leach acid ko alkaline. | Zabi Polypropylene (PP) don saduwa da sharar gida kai tsaye. PET ya dace da sauran aikace-aikace. |
A waɗanne yankuna ne ake amfani da takamaiman maki na geotextile?
Wurin shara na zamani wani tsari ne mai sarkakiya tare da yankuna daban-daban, kowanne yana fuskantar matsi na musamman. Yin amfani da babban geotextile mai nauyi a ko'ina yana da almubazzaranci, yayin da yin amfani da haske a wurin da ake yawan damuwa yana da haɗari.
Ana amfani da mafi nauyin geotextiles (800-2,000 g/m²) don kare tushen layin geomembrane. Ana amfani da maki-matsakaici zuwa nauyi (500-800 g/m²) akan gangara, kuma ana amfani da ƙananan maki (200-400 g/m²) don tacewa kuma a cikin tsarin murfin ƙarshe.
Bari mu rusa ƙasƙanci na yau da kullun daga ƙasa zuwa sama don ganin inda kowane nau'in geotextile ke tafiya. A matsayina na mai kaya, wannan ita ce mafi yawan tattaunawa da nake yi da yan kwangila da injiniyoyi.
1. Tsarin Layi na Tusa (Mafi Muhimman Wuri)
This is the "sandwich" a kasan rumbun da ke dauke da duk leach din.
- Layer Kariya (Sama da Geomembrane): Wannan geotextile yana zaune kai tsaye a saman farkon geomembrane kuma a ƙasan tsakuwar leachate (da sharar gida). Yana fuskantar mafi girman haɗarin huda.
- Bayani: Yi amfani da mafi nauyi daraja. 800 g/m² zuwa 2,000 g/m² nonwoven PP geotextile. Ƙarfin huda CBR na >5 kn yana da mahimmanci.
- Layer Kushion (A ƙasa Geomembrane): Wannan Layer yana zaune a ƙarƙashin geomembrane na farko, yana kare shi daga shirin da aka shirya ko magudanar ruwa na biyu.
- Bayani: Har yanzu ana buƙatar daraja mai nauyi. 400 g/m² zuwa 800 g/m² shi ne na hali.
2. Tarin Leachate & Tsarin Ruwan Ruwa
Wannan ya haɗa da bargo na tsakuwa da bututun da ke tattara leaf ɗin.
- Tace Layer: Geotextile yana nannade kewaye da bututun magudanar ruwa ko raba tsakuwar magudanar ruwa daga ƙasa. Ayyukansa shine barin ruwa ya shiga amma kiyaye ƙasa mai kyau.
- Bayani: Mayar da hankali kan abubuwan tacewa. Mai sauƙi 200 g/m² zuwa 400 g/m² nonwoven geotextile tare da madaidaicin girman buɗe ido (AOS) cikakke ne.
3. Tsarin gangara
Gefen gangaren kwandon shara suna fuskantar damuwa daga sharar kuma suna buƙatar kariya mai ƙarfi.
- Layer Kariya/Kushin: Wannan geotextile an sanya shi kai tsaye a kan geomembrane a kan gangara.
- Bayani: Yana buƙatar ma'auni mai kyau na juriya da kauri. Yawanci 500 g/m² zuwa 800 g/m².
4. Tsarin Rufin Karshe
Wannan ita ce hular da aka ɗora a saman kwandon da zarar ta cika.
- Rabewa/Tace Layer: Anan, geotextile yana raba saman saman ƙasa (don ciyayi) daga magudanar ruwa.
- Bayani: Damuwa ya ragu a nan. A 200 g/m² zuwa 500 g/m² geotextile yawanci ya isa.
Ta yaya zan iya daidaita ƙayyadaddun bayanai na geotextile zuwa ƙa'idodin ƙirar aikin don tabbatar da aiki na dogon lokaci?
Yanzu kun fahimci ayyuka, kaddarorin, da wurare. Mataki na ƙarshe shine haɗa shi gaba ɗaya don ƙirƙirar odar siyayya wanda ke ba da tabbacin samun kayan da ya dace don ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙasƙancin ku.
Da farko, gano yankin da ake zubar da ƙasa. Na biyu, ƙayyade aikin farko (kariya ko tacewa). Na uku, zaɓi taro (g/m²) da ƙarfin huda (CBR) dangane da matakin haɗari da damuwa a yankin.
Anan akwai tebur mai amfani da na samar wa abokan cinikina don taimaka musu yin zaɓi na ƙarshe. Yana haɗa nau'in zubar da ƙasa da wurinsa zuwa ƙayyadaddun abin dogara.
| Nau'in ƙasƙanci & Wuri | Aikin farko | Mass da aka ba da shawarar (g/m²) | Mahimmin La'akari |
|---|---|---|---|
| Karamin Filin Fassara na Municipal: Kariyar Tushen Tushen | Kariya | 600-800 g/m² | Daidaita farashi tare da ingantaccen matakin juriya na huda (CBR > 4 kN). |
| Babba/Dindindin Wurin Wuta: Kariyar Tushen Tushen | Kariya | 800 - 1,600 g/m² | Matsakaicin kariyar huda ba za a iya sasantawa ba. Yi amfani da kauri, masana'anta mai nauyi. |
| Mai Hatsarin Sharar Fashe: Kariyar Tushen Tushen | Kariya | 1,200 - 2,000 g/m² | Ana buƙatar cikakken matakin tsaro. Yi amfani da mafi kauri kuma mafi ƙarfi geotextile samuwa. |
| Duk Filayen Ƙasa: Tacewar Tsarin Tsarin Leachate | Tanki | 200-400 g/m² | Dole ne ya sami daidaitaccen girman buɗewa don hana rufewa. Permeability yana da mahimmanci fiye da nauyi. |
| Duk Wuraren Ƙasa: Kariyar gangara | Kariya & Tashin hankali | 500-800 g/m² | Yana buƙatar zama mai ƙarfi don tsayayya da huda da samar da juzu'i a kan geomembrane don hana zamewa. |
| Duk Wuraren Ƙasa: Murfin Ƙarshe | Rabuwa & Tanki | 300-500 g/m² | Dole ne ya goyi bayan ciyayi kuma ya ba da izinin magudanar ruwa ba tare da toshe hushin iskar gas ko magudanar ruwa ba. |
When you prepare your inquiry, come armed with this information. Tell your supplier: "I need a nonwoven polypropylene geotextile don kariya ta farko a cikin babban wurin sharar gida na birni. Takaddun bayanai ya kamata ya zama 1,200 g/m² tare da a CBR juriya huda a kalla 7 kn." Kyakkyawan mai kaya zai fahimci bukatunku nan da nan kuma ya samar da samfurin da ya dace don tabbatar da nasarar aikin ku na dogon lokaci.
Ƙarshe
Don nasarar cikar ƙasa, yi amfani da geotextiles masu nauyi marasa saƙa (600-2,000 g/m²) don kariyar layi da ƙananan maki (200-400 g/m²) don tacewa. Daidaita ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun yanki yana da mahimmanci.
