Geomembrane liner yana da tasiri kawai kamar hatiminsa, kuma shigar ciki shine mafi mahimmancin wuraren rufewa. A cikin kusan kowane aikin ɗaukar hoto-daga wuraren zubar da ƙasa zuwa tafki-dole ne bututu su wuce ta cikin layin don sarrafa leach, ruwa, ko gas. Haɗin da ke tsakanin sassauƙan geomembrane da bututu mai tsauri wuri ne na matsanancin damuwa na inji da babban haɗarin ɗigogi.
Wannan jagorar yana ba da cikakken bayyani na hanyoyin da masana'antu suka amince da su don haɗa geomembranes zuwa kayan bututu daban-daban, ciki har da PE / HDPE, PVC, karfe, da kankare. Za mu bincika dabarar da ta dace don kowane abu, kwatanta dogaro da farashi na kowane hanya, da kuma samar da shawarwarin injiniya masu amfani don tabbatar da hatimin dindindin, mai yuwuwa.
Zaɓin hanyar haɗin kai ba kowa ba ne; An tsara shi gaba ɗaya ta hanyar kayan bututun.
Me yasa Bututu daban-daban ke buƙatar hanyoyin haɗi daban-daban
Babban ƙalubalen shine dacewa da kayan aiki. Geomembrane (yawanci High-Density Polyethylene, ko HDPE) za a iya haɗawa da thermally Fusion-welded zuwa abu mai kayan shafa iri ɗaya. Lokacin haɗawa da wani abu mara kamance kamar PVC, karfe, ko kankare, walda ba zai yiwu ba. A cikin waɗannan lokuta, dole ne mu dogara da haɗin gwiwar injiniyoyi waɗanda ke amfani da matsawa, gaskets, da masu rufewa don ƙirƙirar shinge. Bari mu karya hanya mafi kyau ga kowane nau'in bututu.
Haɗa Geomembranes zuwa Bututun PE/HDPE
Wannan shine kyakkyawan yanayin kuma mafi abin dogaro. Saboda bututun PE/HDPE an yi su ne da kayan tushe iri ɗaya kamar yawancin geomembranes, za mu iya ƙirƙirar haɗin kai tsaye, monolithic ta hanyar haɗuwa da thermal.
- Hanyar Farko: Welding Hot-Narke tare da Bututu Boot. This is the gold standard. A prefabricated HDPE "pipe boot" (hannu mai fadi mai fadi) yana zamewa akan bututu. Flange na takalmin sai a haɗe-haɗe zuwa babban layin geomembrane ta amfani da walda mai zafi. Sannan ana walda hannun rigar takalmin kai tsaye zuwa bangon bututu ta amfani da waldar extrusion na hannu.
- Sakamako: Ci gaba, mara sumul, kuma madawwamin haɗin kwayoyin halitta wanda sau da yawa ya fi karfi fiye da kayan iyaye da kansa. Ana buƙatar wannan hanyar don aikace-aikacen haɗari masu girma kamar ƙunshewar farko.
Haɗa Geomembranes zuwa Bututun PVC
Ba za a iya haɗa PVC da walƙiya zuwa geomembrane na HDPE ba. Don haka dole ne haɗin ya zama na inji.
- Hanyar Farko: Maƙerin Makanikai. Wannan ya haɗa da yin amfani da tsarin matsawa, sau da yawa tare da dacewa da canjin canji na musamman. Hanya ɗaya ta gama gari ita ce a yi amfani da manne bakin karfe da aka matse a kan geomembrane, wanda ke naɗe da bututun PVC. Ana sanya Layer na neoprene roba gasket da/ko butyl sealant tsakanin geomembrane da bututu don ƙirƙirar hatimin.
- Madadin: Canjin Canjin Canjin. Akwai na'urori na musamman waɗanda ke da ƙarshen da aka tsara don haɗawa da bututun PVC (misali, soket weld na ƙarfi) da sauran ƙarshen da aka tsara don haɗawa zuwa geomembrane HDPE (misali, ƙarshen spigot da ke shirye don electrofusion).
Haɗa Geomembranes zuwa Bututun Karfe ko Bakin Karfe
Haɗawa da ƙaƙƙarfan abu mai ƙarfi kamar ƙarfe yana buƙatar hatimin inji mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya ɗaukar faɗaɗa thermal kuma ya hana gefuna na ƙarfe daga lalata geomembrane.
- Hanyar Farko: Haɗin Haɗin Flange. A common and effective method is to weld a steel flange onto the pipe. The geomembrane is then sandwiched between this flange and a second "companion" flange ta amfani da gasket na elastomeric mai inganci (kamar EPDM ko neoprene). An ɗora jerin kusoshi zuwa ƙayyadadden juzu'i don ƙirƙirar ƙarfi mai matsawa, rufe gasket a kan geomembrane da ƙarfe. Dole ne dukkan gefuna masu kaifi su zama ƙasa santsi, kuma ana ba da shawarar kariyar geotextile a ƙarƙashin ƙasa.
Haɗa Geomembranes zuwa Bututun Kankare
Haɗin kai na gama gari na gama gari don manyan magudanar ruwa, magudanar ruwa, da shiga ta bangon tsari. Manufar ita ce ƙirƙirar hatimi a kan wani wuri mai wuya, mai raɗaɗi, kuma sau da yawa marar daidaituwa.
- Hanyar Farko: Batten Strip da Sealant. The geomembrane is laid against the concrete surface. A continuous bead of aggressive butyl sealant is applied. A rigid "batten strip" (yawanci madaidaicin sandar bakin karfe ko aluminium) ana sanya shi akan geomembrane kuma a ɗaure da injina cikin kankare ta hanyar amfani da anka na faɗaɗa ko kusoshi na bakin karfe a lokaci-lokaci (misali, 20 cm a tsakiya). Ƙunƙarar ƙullun yana matsar da geomembrane da kuma rufewa a cikin kankare, yana haifar da hatimi mai dorewa.
- Madadin: Haɗin Kankare. For new construction, a plastic or metal "embedment strip" ana iya jefawa kai tsaye cikin bangon kankare ko tsari. Geomembrane daga baya ana waldawa ko manne kai tsaye zuwa wannan haɗe-haɗen tsiri, yana samar da haɗin gwiwa mai ci gaba da aminci.
Dogaro da Kwatancen Kuɗi na Hanyoyin Haɗin Daban-daban
| Hanyar haɗi | Bututun da ake Aiwatarwa | Amintaccen Hatimi | Farashin | Siffar Maɓalli |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Welding mai zafi-Narke | PE, HDPE | ★★★★★ (Madalla) | Matsakaici | Monolithic, madawwamin fusion weld. Babu kulawa na dogon lokaci. |
| Welding Electrofusion | PE, HDPE | ★★★★★ (Madalla) | Med-High | Sarrafa sosai, walda mai sarrafa kansa. Madalla don daidaito. |
| Maƙerin Makanikai | PVC, PE, HDPE | ★★★☆☆ (mai kyau) | Ƙananan | Mai sauƙi da sauri, amma ya dogara da matsawar gasket. |
| Flange mai ƙarfi | Karfe, Kankare | ★★★★☆ (Mai kyau) | Babban | Hatimin inji mai ƙarfi sosai. Ana iya tarwatsawa don kulawa. |
| Batten Strip | Kankare, Karfe | ★★★★☆ (Mai kyau) | Matsakaici | Matsayi don ƙare layin layi a kan tsayayyen tsari. |
Shawarwari na Injiniya Na Aiki
- Ba da fifiko ga Daidaituwar Abu: A duk lokacin da zai yiwu, ƙirƙira tsarin ku don amfani da bututun HDPE inda suke shiga cikin geomembrane na HDPE. Wannan yana ba da damar haɗin haɗin da ya fi dacewa (waldi) kuma yana kawar da matsalolin kulawa na dogon lokaci da ke hade da hatimin inji.
- Yi amfani da Takalmi da aka riga aka kera: Don haɗin PE/HDPE, koyaushe zaɓi don takalman bututun da aka ƙera a masana'anta akan waɗanda aka kera filin. An yi su a cikin yanayi mai sarrafawa daga kayan aiki mai kauri, yana tabbatar da inganci mafi girma da daidaiton aiki.
- Kare Geomembrane: Lokacin haɗi zuwa kankare ko karfe, koyaushe ƙara Layer na matattarar geotextile mara saka tsakanin geomembrane da m surface don kariya daga huda da abrasion.
- Sarrafa Cikakkun bayanai: Don haɗin injiniya, nasara yana cikin cikakkun bayanai. Yi amfani da kayan aikin bakin karfe masu inganci, tabbatar da gaskets sun dace da sinadarai tare da ruwan da ke ƙunshe, kuma ƙara ƙuƙumma a cikin ƙirar tauraro zuwa madaidaicin ƙayyadaddun juzu'i.
- Yi Ikon Ingancin 100%: Dole ne a gwada duk abubuwan waldawa (misali, tare da matsa lamba na iska ko gwajin akwati). Ya kamata a duba duk hanyoyin haɗin injina ta gani don tabbatar da matsawa iri ɗaya da aikace-aikacen da ya dace. Kar a taɓa cika abin shigar ciki har sai an bincika da kuma yarda da shi.
Ta hanyar fahimtar bambance-bambancen bambance-bambance tsakanin kayan aiki da kuma amfani da dabarar haɗin kai daidai, za ku iya tabbatar da cewa kowane shigar bututu wani batu ne na ƙarfi, ba batu na gazawa ba.
